The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is developing new standards and techniques for measuring greenhouse gases, thermal noise, and electric fields using microwave radiation and quantum properties of atoms. These advancements aim to improve the precision, sensitivity, and compatibility of measurements for climate monitoring, weather forecasting, agriculture, and various technological applications. NIST is working towards establishing a microwave brightness temperature standard and providing calibration services based on these developments. The new quantum-based electric field measurement technique has the potential to enhance tests and calibrations of antennas, sensors, and biomedical devices, while also facilitating the design of novel devices.
Keywords: microwaves, radiation, calibration, standard
