NIST researchers have developed a new quantum-based vacuum gauge system that could become a primary standard for measuring extremely low pressures. The system uses trapped lithium atoms cooled to near absolute zero to detect the presence of gas molecules in a vacuum chamber. Unlike traditional vacuum sensors that require periodic calibration, this quantum system provides inherently accurate measurements without calibration.
The new portable cold-atom vacuum standard (pCAVS) has passed its first major test by producing identical measurements within very small uncertainties when two units were connected to the same chamber. The system has the potential to revolutionize precision pressure measurement in semiconductor manufacturing, quantum technologies, and particle acceleration experiments.
Key technical points:
– Uses trapped lithium atoms cooled to near absolute zero
– Detects gas molecules by measuring their effect on the atoms
– Provides inherently accurate measurements without calibration
– Can be attached to commercial vacuum chambers
– Has passed initial tests with two units producing identical measurements
The next steps include validating the theoretical underpinnings of the system and comparing its measurements with a dynamic expansion standard to confirm its accuracy.
Source: https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/07/primary-standard-measuring-vacuum
Keywords: atom, vacuum, pressure, standard, calibration
