The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a powerful tool for studying metal surfaces at the atomic level. Invented in the 1980s, it works by measuring the tunneling current between a sharp tip and the surface, allowing scientists to create detailed 3D images of the surface topography. STMs have been used to study various surface properties, such as roughness, defects, and the arrangement of molecules and atoms.
The STM is particularly useful for understanding surface-related phenomena in materials science and nanotechnology. For example, it can reveal the geometric and electronic properties of structures like single zig-zag chains of cesium atoms on gallium arsenide surfaces. Similarly, it can provide insights into atomic-scale observations of alloying at interfaces, such as the arrangement of chromium impurities in iron surfaces.
Overall, the scanning tunneling microscope has become an essential tool in various research fields, thanks to its ability to provide high-resolution images of metal surfaces. Its development has been crucial for advancing our understanding of surface properties and their role in materials behavior.
Source: https://www.nist.gov/pml/scanning-tunneling-microscope
Keywords: Scanning, Tunneling, Microscope, Atomic, Surface
